GM
Industrie automobile. La croisée des chemins
Les économies développées face aux pays émergents: L’Union Européenne mise à l’épreuve de la politique industrielle chinoise
The US automobile market after the crisis: back to business as usual or birth of a new industry?
The US automobile market after the crisis: back to business as usual or birth of a new industry?
Bruno Jetin lire la suite
The demand for automobile in the USA before and after the crisis
The first objective of our contribution is to analyse the evolution of the demand for automobile of US households before and after the crisis that broke in 2008. We study the impact of the income distribution at the national level on households’ consumption and more specifically on automobile outlays on the long-term period. We also analyse the impact of households’ equities and debt on automobile demand and the evolution of the financing of automobile purchase. We also analyse the evolution of the price and cost usage of automobiles in the US. We evaluate the changes of these variables before and after the crisis using the most updated data available. The second objective is to evaluate the role of the federal state in the shaping of the automobile demand. We analyse specifically the role of the fiscal and environmental regulations. We show that the regulation adopted favoured the SUV segment to the benefit of the big three in the years 1980-2000. But in the end, this politics is also the cause of the big three present demise. If the state had adopted a proactive innovation policy, the big three would be in a much favourable competitive position today. In conclusion, we draw the lessons of the US automobile demand pattern to explain the present state of the competitiveness of the US automobile industry.
Restructuring of the Automotive Industry: The Role of EWCs
The paper pursues the question under which conditions EWCs can develop into effective tools for both employees, national interest representatives, and management for dealing with restructuring processes in the automobile industry. The aim of the paper is to examine the role of EWCs as institutions and actors of cross-border interest regulation and to clarify, under which conditions EWCs become a relevant actor and in which way they can stabilize production and employment in automotive companies.
Based on a concept and typology of international (profit and non-profit) organizations, the paper analyses the conditions and factors which influence the development of EWCs of selected OEMs with manufacturing operations in Europe.[1] Empirical evidence shows that differences in the company structure, the institutional settings of the ‘home country’ as well as actor strategies and path dependencies explain EWC characteristics and its effectiveness in restructuring processes.
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